- Вальтер А.А., Гуров Е.П. (1979). Установленная и предполагаемая
распространённость взрывных метеоритных кратеров на Земле и их
сохранность на Украинском щите.. Метеоритные структуры на поверхности
планет, М.: Наука, с. 126-148
- Фельдман В.И. (1987). Каталог астроблем и метеоритных кратеров Земли. Метеоритика, Issue 46, с. 154-171
- Хрянина Л.П. (1987). Метеоритные кратеры на Земле.. , Л.: Недра
- Алексеев А.С. и др. (1991). Оценки частоты падения небесных тел
на Землю, исследование возможности заблаговременного их обнаружения и
изменения траекторий. Отчёт по НИР, АН СССР ВЦ, Новосибирск , 128 с.
- Хазанович-Вульф К.К. (2007). Диатремовые шлейфы астроблем или
"болидная модель" образования кимберлитовых трубок. Из-во "Геомастер",
Петрозаводск, 272с.
- Graham, Bevan and Hutchison (1985). Catalogue of Meteorites. 4th Edition
- Grieve R.A.F. (1987). Terrestrial impact structures. Ann.Rev.Earth Planet.Sci., Vol.15, p. 245-270
- (1988). Astronauts guide to terrestrial impact craters.. Space
Shuttle Earth Observation Project, Lunar and Planetary Institute (March
1988).
- Hodge, Paul W., (1994). Meteorite craters and impact structures of the Earth. Cambridge University Press , 122 рр.
- Abate B., Koeberl C., Underwood J.R.(Jr), Fisk E.P., Giegengask
R.F. (1997). BP and Oasis impact structures, Libya, and their relation
to libyan desert glass: petrography, geochemistry, and geochronology .
LPI Contrib. , No.922, P. 145-147
- Abate Begosew, Koeberl Christian, Kruger Johan F., Underwood
James R.(Jr) (1999). BP and Oasis impact structures, Libya, and their
relation to Libyan Desert Glass . Spec. Pap., No.339, P. 177-192
- Jarmo Moilanen (2004). References.
- John
G. Spray, Director PASSC (2005). Impact Structures listed by Name.
Current total number of confirmed impact structures: 172 .
- Osinski Gordon R. (2006). The geological record of meteorite
impacts. 40th ESLAB First International Conference on Impact Cratering
in the Solar System, 8-12 May 2006., Noordwijk,The Netherlands
- Norbert Brugge (2004).
Remarks to the origin of the craters around Gilf Kebir and Djebel
Uweinat (Egypt) and the supposed impact craters of Libya. Dipl.- Geol.
Спутниковая фотография кратера из Google Earth.
Реферат:
В Северной Африке установлено несколько парных кратеров одинакового
возраста, что позволяет определить направления прилета МТ для поисковых
работ на диатремы. Это:
1) Оазис (18 км) и В.Р.S. (2 км), Ливия, <120 млн. лет;
2) Аркену-1 (6,8 км) и Аркену-2 (10 км), Ливия,< 140 млн. лет.
(Хазанович-Вульф К.К., 2007).
Обзор статей (из РЖ ВИНИТИ "Геология и геофизика"):
Две структуры расположены на юго-востоке Ливии и сильно эродированы.
Мишенью служит нижнемеловой песчаник свиты Нубия. Выполнены
петрографические, геохимические и изотопные исследования образцов
мишени. Содержания главных и следовых элементов в породе мишени обеих
структур и в образцах стекол Ливийской пустыни уверенно коррелируют.
Содержание тугоплавких следовых элементов в стеклах в среднем несколько
выше, чем в породе мишени. Редкоземельные элементы в стеклах и в породе
мишени имеют сходные содержания и показывают сходство с постархейскими
породами верхней части коры. Отношения {87}Sr/{}86Sr и {143}Nd/{144}Nd
обеих структур и стекол схожи и также показывают характеристики пород
верхней части континентальной коры. Полученные данные приводят к выводу о
содержании родительского вещества стекол в породе мишени. Необходимо
получить возрасты обеих структур для окончательного подтверждения связи
стекол со структурами
(Abate Begosew, Koeberl Christian, Kruger Johan F., Underwood James R.(Jr), 1999).
The Oasis impact
The Oasis impact crater is located in southeastern Libya, and has a
diameter of 11.5km. The crater is extremely eroded, and appears as a set
of concentric ridges of deformed rocks that rise above the local plain.
The target rocks are Nubian sandstones of lower Cretaceous age that are
commonly crushed and brecciated. Other rocks present in the area
include quartz conglomerates and siltstones, also members of the Nubian
formation. The most visible part of the crater is a central ring with a
diameter of 5.1km. This central ring is made up of discontinuous hills
as tall as 100m above the surface floor. The strata within this ring are
intensely folded, and in some places strata are overturned or vertical.
There is no observed central uplift structure, impact glass, breccia,
or shatter cones associated with Oasis. Oasis' proximity to the BP
structure and its similar stage of erosion have led to speculation that
the craters formed during a twin impact event.
Shock metamorphism is abundant in the Nubian sandstones at Oasis.
The most diagnostic features are open fractures and planar deformation
features, which are quite abundant. Planar deformation fractures are
present but poorly developed, which probably suggests low peak shock
pressures. Shock lamellae are extremely well developed, with as many as
nine distinct sets occurring in one quartz grain. These features are
extremely similar, if not identical, to the shock metamorphic features
found at the BP structure.
Although there have not been any megabreccias found at Oasis, a team
of scientists in the 1970s identified a glass-bearing microbreccia in
the rocks at Oasis. This microbreccia consists of shock quartz grains
and pieces of sandstone, intermixed with partially devitrified glass,
all within a recrystallized matrix.
The BP structure, and the Oasis structure, has been suggested as the source of the Libyan Desert Glass (Example ).
The Libyan Desert Glass has been thought of as an impact glass, but
there were no craters identified in the area at the time of this theory.
The formation of BP and Oasis could account for the formation of an
impact melt. More recent studies have attempted to link these craters to
the Libyan Desert Glass by geochemical analyses. Compositional
similarities between rocks from these craters and the Libyan Desert
Glass have led to a tentative conclusion that the glass and the craters
are connected. However, the uniformity of the local rocks makes it
difficult to establish an undeniable link.
The age of Oasis is difficult to constrain, since there is no impact
melt. The age of the Nubian sandstone is late Cretaceous, so the time
of the impact event can be limited to between now and ~100 million years
ago.
Global Impact Studies Project
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